Conventional approaches to the titration of serum antibody binding use mid-point or end-point titers that are in a relative space and are therefore difficult to standardize. Here we propose the use of ...

Abstract: This article addresses the variable convergence rate stability problem for nonlinear impulsive stochastic systems (NISSs). To solve the issue, a novel methodology of sliding mode surface ...

Abstract: Adaptive optimizers are pivotal in guiding the weight updates of deep neural networks, yet they often face challenges such as poor generalization and oscillation issues. To counter these, we ...