Chezy and Manning developed equations that are used to determine the average volumetric flowrate in open channels. This article explains a laboratory method that was developed and tested to further ...

Oil field operators can use several practical equations for calculating flow rates of natural gas through venturi gas-lift valves. For critical flow, this analysis derived such equations from a ...

A new equation for accurate approximation of the Moody friction factor in the general gas-flow equation better approximates a wide range of Reynolds numbers than previously published equations. Other, ...

In pressure relief systems, accurately estimating temperature changes during fluid flow is vital for relief piping sizing. Fluid velocity changes and the Joule-Thomson effect (affecting non-ideal ...

Scientific progress is not usually straightforward. Researchers pursue and abandon lines of inquiry. Results languish. Theories take decades to cohere. But sometimes the accumulation of scientific ...